Our Properties: Gamasutra GameCareerGuide IndieGames Indie Royale GDC IGF Game Developer Magazine GAO
My Message close
Latest News
spacer View All spacer
 
February 10, 2012
 
DICE 2012: Activision's Hirshberg believes creative people should lead companies
 
DICE 2012: EA's Galda says television's episodic model is the future of game narrative
 
GDC 2012 reveals Super Mario 3D Land, Resident Evil Revelations postmortems
spacer
Latest Features
spacer View All spacer
 
February 10, 2012
 
arrow Virtual Goods - An Excerpt from Social Game Design: Monetization Methods and Mechanics [1]
 
arrow Principles of an Indie Game Bottom Feeder [21]
 
arrow Postmortem: CyberConnect 2's Solatorobo: Red the Hunter [1]
spacer
Latest Jobs
spacer View All     Post a Job     RSS spacer
 
February 10, 2012
 
Retro Studios
RETRO CONTRACT - Environmental Artist
 
Retro Studios
RETRO - CONTRACT AI Engineer
 
Adhesive Games
UI Technical Artist
 
Adhesive Games
Technical Artist
 
Adhesive Games
Senior Network Engineer
 
Adhesive Games
Senior Engine Programmer
spacer
Blogs

  Building The Future, Keeping The Past Alive Are The Same Thing
by Joseph Cassano on 11/22/09 11:01:00 pm   Featured Blogs
3 comments Share on Twitter Share on Facebook RSS
 
 
  Posted 11/22/09 11:01:00 pm
 

In the video game industry, much time and effort is put toward new ventures. Whether this means merely a new instalment of a franchise, an entirely new IP, or the next console/graphics card down the road, the industry tends to keep its gaze future-bound. At least, this is how it seems to one presently outside of the industry (like myself). While the future is definitely important, it should not stand without acknowledging its history. In this case, "history" meaning "older video games". Essentially, I am saying that before going too far forward, it would be wise to archive old games.

Before going further, it would be wise to establish what I mean by "archival". In this case, I am not referring to mere records of the existence of past games and consoles. I am also not referring to the matter of actually archiving physical copies of games and their respective consoles (although this is a very important endeavour). No, in this case I mean digital archival: the digital preservation of games and consoles via the process of emulation (I am staying out of the concept of PC game archival due to my lack of knowledge on the subject). Also, I propose that these emulated games and consoles be made public for the average consumer.

Granted, the concept of digital emulations of games and consoles is nothing new. ROM downloads and the like have been available online illegally for years now. While some may claim that these illegal methods* are good enough for archival, I beg to differ. What I propose is legal emulation of old games and consoles, something which is still in a state of infancy.

Nintendo was the first to support the idea of legal emulation for console games with their introduction of the Virtual Console. It allows consumers to purchase and play digital copies of older games for older consoles (like Super Mario Bros. for the NES). Sony has a similar system in place with their PSOne Classics available on the PlayStation Network, and Microsoft has made some Xbox Originals available for download over the Xbox LIVE Marketplace. While all of these initiatives are good starts, they still have some major caveats in terms of acting as archival systems.

Firstly, each system only seems concerned with their "Greatest Hits", so to speak. Sure, one will be able to find nearly all of Mario's earlier titles in the Virtual Console, for example, but niche/unknown games are generally left at the wayside. It's understandable why this is done, though; more money is likely to be made with hits, and it would be financially unwise to keep games around that do not necessarily sell. Still, it's disheartening to see that a vast multitude of old games (including even some of the greats) are not being preserved for future generations, especially since their being digital makes it much easier to archive than it would a physical product. Server space may cost money, but it could hold digital copies of all video games ever made easily; the illegal emulation websites can attest to that.

Secondly, these systems are generally updated at very sluggish paces. At least in North America, the Virtual Console, for example, usually only dishes out one game a week (sometimes not releasing anything at all, and very rarely releasing multiple titles). Sony's PSOne Classics, in recent times, has a somewhat better track record of releasing usually two PS1 games a week (although there are weeks sometimes where only one or none are released). The Xbox Classics, lastly, do not seem to be updated at all anymore, standing still at 29 games in North America. Now, while the Japanese counterparts for the Virtual Console and PSOne Classics seem to generally fare better with more releases a week, the systems are still lagging far behind the number of titles that can be found online illegally in an instant. (This is especially evident in the case of Sony; they are a full console behind with their digital offerings since they seem to be shying away from PS2 emulation on the PS3 at the moment. Hopefully that changes in time.)

Thirdly, only home consoles seem to be the focus of these systems. Sony has changed this trend somewhat in recent times by making some of their older UMD titles available via the PlayStation Network now that the PSP go lacks a UMD drive. Nintendo, however, despite the successes of the various iterations of Game Boy, has yet to release a handheld Virtual Console equivalent now that the DSi has sufficient memory capability and an online presence. This may change in the future, though, so this complaint may be somewhat premature, but the fact that DSi Ware cannot be transferred between DSi handhelds does not bode well for such a system.

Which leads to my final complaint: these systems have some holes in regard to purchasing these old titles. While most purchases are tied to their respective systems' accounts (e.g.: Xbox LIVE accounts, PlayStation Network accounts), they are still limited to a certain number of downloads for certain things, and as stated before, transferring these purchases to replacement consoles can sometimes be a hassle (if not impossible). Granted, this is due to the industry's rightful want to avoid any piracy, but it does not bode well. This may become especially troublesome when the next generation of consoles arrives; will PSOne Classics purchased on a PS3 be transferable to a PS4, for example? One can only hope that these digital purchases are "future-proof". Then again, gamers are used to having to re-purchase back catalogues of games, so the industry may not see a need to keep this compatibility. For the sake of archival, though, it would be wise for them to do.

Solving all of these problems will not necessarily be easy (especially in the case of the ownership of the digital purchases), but it can be done. This becomes especially evident when focus is put once again on the illegal emulation scene. Vast catalogues of ROMs and ISOs have been collected by enthusiasts and hobbyists, and consoles have been emulated by people who have never worked on the originals. If this amount of progress can be made by those outside of the "Big Three" (Nintendo, Sony, and Microsoft), it is only reasonable to assume that more progress can be made from within. For example, a stable PS2 emulator would probably be much easier to develop from within Sony than from without.

But this all leads up to an interesting question: do the Big Three really care about preserving older titles? After all, old games go out of print rather quickly and yet the Big Three still make money with their newer titles. What incentive would they have for archival?

It's a good question. Some may say that good money can be made from the sale of older games, but that may merely be a drop in the bucket. Really, I don't think the Big Three really care about archival. It is my hope, however, that game developers themselves care and will persuade the Big Three to be interested. I would expect that many game developers would only support game archival, just like how most writers would support the preservation of old literary works and film makers the preservation of old film. History is important in any field, and being able to experience that history first-hand is invaluable. Being able to play an old title trumps any write-up describing it. Granted, my emulation proposal does not replicate the entire experience of playing a real old game on a real old console, but it is much better than having nothing at all.

Essentially, I suppose I'm saying that people will be emulating games illegally anyway. If we want to curb this piracy, why don't we just make a legal alternative for those who would be interested? It would be naive to assume every pirate would convert, but it would probably convert some, and maybe it would deter some of the future piracy of our past titles.

After all, how can we stand on the shoulders of giants if the majority of the giants are lost to history?

*I understand that emulation of a console, in some cases, can be legal by itself and that the illegality lies more in the ROMs and ISOs themselves. I refer to the emulation as illegal in this article, though, to illustrate the differences between the emulation solutions made by the Big Three and the emulation solutions made by the public.

(This post can also be found on my multi-purpose blog, Mulling Over The Multiverse, which has both a primary Blogger location and a secondary LiveJournal location.)

 
 
Comments

Joseph Cassano
profile image
Thanks for reading and commenting.

You can also include me as one who has not played Nethack, but I know what it is (and I know I should give it a go).

But therein lies my point; we need to preserve our history as an industry for future gamers to experience, and although emulation is a very good way to do it, we can't rely solely on illegal means (again, I speak of the emulation of console video games as I know little of the matter when it comes to the emulation of old computer games). We need a legal solution that rivals the illegal ones if we truly want to make progress with video game archival. I just hope that enough people from within the industry notice the importance of this issue and that this kind of archival can be done.

Allen Seitz
profile image
Preservation of the final products is definitely good, but there's something I feel even more strongly about. I think developers and publishers need to make an effort to archive more of the source material too. Such as source code, psd files, maybe a few of the more important documents relating to the game, that sort of thing.

As consumers we don't find out about a loss until someone goes to make a remake or port 10 years later. That's when we hear "Oh, we lost the source code, or we saved over it for the sequel, and that's why the physics are different." Or maybe "This character was designed 12 years ago and we have no idea what they were thinking, so... (disaster)". But if someone had written and saved a style guide or bible for that game/character, then the secrets to its creation wouldn't be lost.

You might assume that every that everything created 10 years ago can be reproduced as well as we want it to be. Our technology has improved, people are smarter, and we have the original for reference. But yet inventions are still lost. For example, early console platformers like Mario, Sonic, and Bubble Bubble had extremely clever controls far beyond holding a button for a number of frames and moving a linear number of pixels. Try it sometime. They did some clever stuff to compensate for what we would now call a lack of an analog stick. And I don't think anyone knows how they did it. It's very hard to figure out even with frame advance and save states. So the 1980s secret to making a d-pad feel awesome might be endangered. But at least source code can be decompiled if it is imperative. Artwork music, and documentation can't be. Harmonix discovered while working on Rock Band that the original master tracks for several classics that they wanted to license just didn't exist. Oops? So then you have to recreate them, etc. Or we can make an effort to not lose this stuff in the first place!

Joseph Cassano
profile image
Oh, I definitely agree, we should not stop at just preserving the end product. Archival of the whole thing (from creation to actual physical copies) is hugely important. I focus on archival in the form of digital emulation of the end product for consoles, though, due to the fact that glimmers of it have started to happen in the industry from the Big Three, and I think it is an achievable goal. That isn't to say that the archival of the the creation of games is unachievable, but I could see it getting tricky to implement in comparison.

The more aspects we know of our history, the more we can learn from it. As such, I support all kinds of archival.


none
 
Comment:
 




 
UBM Techweb
Game Network
Game Developers Conference | GDC Europe | GDC Online | GDC China | Gamasutra | Game Developer Magazine | Game Advertising Online
Game Career Guide | Independent Games Festival | Indie Royale | IndieGames

Other UBM TechWeb Networks
Business Technology | Business Technology Events | Telecommunications & Communications Providers

Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | Contact Us | Copyright © UBM TechWeb, All Rights Reserved.